Breaking Down the 4 Steps of In-Vitro Fertilization
If you’ve been struggling to start or grow your family and are thinking about in vitro fertilization (IVF), you’re not alone. An estimated 17.5% of couples worldwide struggle with infertility, and many turn to IVF for help.
According to a 2025 press release from the American Society of Reproductive Medicine, about 2.6% of all births are IVF births, and the numbers are increasing. In 2023 alone, the number of babies born from IVF climbed from 91,771 in 2022 to 95,860.
IVF is an effective fertility treatment in which eggs are retrieved, fertilized with sperm in a lab, and then transferred into the uterus to help achieve pregnancy. IVF helps millions of people around the world experience the joy of parenthood.
At Fertility & Lifespan Medical Institute in San Diego, California, Steven A. Brody, MD, PhD, and his team provide high-quality IVF care using the latest technology — all at one of the lowest IVF prices in San Diego.
But what exactly happens during IVF? Let’s break down the four key steps so you can better understand what to expect.
1. Ovarian stimulation
The first step of IVF is to stimulate your ovaries to produce multiple mature eggs. This step can be further broken down into two parts:
Take medication
You’ll take prescribed fertility medication to encourage your ovaries to release more than one egg. This gives the embryologist more opportunities for fertilization.
Your specific medication and medication schedule can vary if you’re undergoing conventional IVF, aggressive IVF, or mini IVF. If you have lower ovarian reserves, Dr. Brody may recommend mini IVF. You’ll still go through ovarian stimulation, but with less medication and stimulation.
Testing
During this phase, Dr. Brody monitors you closely with blood tests and ultrasounds to make sure your body responds safely and effectively.
2. Egg retrieval
Once your eggs have matured, they’re gently retrieved through a minimally invasive procedure under light sedation.
In the lab, your eggs are fertilized using sperm from your partner or a donor. The Fertility & Lifespan Medical Institute team includes intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in our standard IVF package. This helps optimize fertilization even when sperm quality or count is a concern.
3. Embryo culture
After fertilization, the embryos are carefully monitored in the laboratory for several days. The embryologist evaluates each embryo’s growth and quality to determine which has the highest implantation potential.
This step may also include preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) to screen for chromosomal abnormalities or inherited conditions if recommended.
4. Embryo transfer
Finally, one or more healthy embryos are selected and transferred into your uterus using a thin catheter. This quick, painless procedure takes just a few minutes and feels similar to a Pap smear.
After about two weeks, a blood test will confirm whether implantation occurred and pregnancy has begun.
Who can benefit from IVF?
IVF can help individuals and couples overcome many infertility challenges, including:
- Blocked or damaged fallopian tubes
- Ovulatory disorders such as PCOS
- Male factor infertility (low sperm count, motility, or morphology)
- Endometriosis
- Unexplained infertility
- Genetic disorders (with PGT testing)
If you’re having trouble conceiving, reach out to us. With advanced technology and options like egg or sperm donation, we’re here to help you take the next step toward building your family.
Start your IVF journey today
Under the guidance of Dr. Brody, a fellowship-trained fertility specialist with over 25 years of experience, you can expect to receive personalized, compassionate, and affordable care.
To schedule a consultation with Dr. Brody, call our office at 858-216-2096 or connect with us online today.
You Might Also Enjoy...
What Is the Best Age to Freeze Your Eggs?
The Use of Donor Sperm and Sperm Banks
What Are The Seven Myths of Infertility?’
Semen Analysis for Male Infertility
